swap nodes Algorithm
The swap nodes algorithm is a technique used to rearrange or modify the structure of a binary tree by swapping the left and right child nodes of certain target nodes. It's a useful algorithm for various tree-based operations like tree traversals, balancing, and optimization. The algorithm works by performing a swap operation on the child nodes of the tree at specific depth levels or based on a certain condition. The swapping can be done either iteratively or recursively, depending on the requirement and the nature of the tree.
In the swap nodes algorithm, the first step is to traverse the binary tree in a specific order, such as in-order, pre-order, or post-order traversal. During the traversal, when a target node is encountered whose depth is a multiple of a given integer 'k', the left and right child nodes of that particular node are swapped. This process is repeated for all the target nodes in the tree. The algorithm can be customized to perform swaps based on other conditions as well, such as the value of the node or the height of the tree. After the completion of the swap operation, the new structure of the binary tree can be used for further processing and analysis.
from typing import Any
class Node:
def __init__(self, data: Any):
self.data = data
self.next = None
class LinkedList:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
def print_list(self):
temp = self.head
while temp is not None:
print(temp.data, end=" ")
temp = temp.next
print()
# adding nodes
def push(self, new_data: Any):
new_node = Node(new_data)
new_node.next = self.head
self.head = new_node
# swapping nodes
def swap_nodes(self, node_data_1, node_data_2):
if node_data_1 == node_data_2:
return
else:
node_1 = self.head
while node_1 is not None and node_1.data != node_data_1:
node_1 = node_1.next
node_2 = self.head
while node_2 is not None and node_2.data != node_data_2:
node_2 = node_2.next
if node_1 is None or node_2 is None:
return
node_1.data, node_2.data = node_2.data, node_1.data
if __name__ == "__main__":
ll = LinkedList()
for i in range(5, 0, -1):
ll.push(i)
ll.print_list()
ll.swap_nodes(1, 4)
print("After swapping")
ll.print_list()
